Carbon emission is becoming one of the significantly environmental issues in the Beijing Tianjin -Hebei (Jing-Jin-Ji) urban agglomeration. However, the development of urban agglomeration, which is nested in complex trading networks, has promoted carbon transmission and transference within the urban agglomeration. Ignoring the intercity connections and the driving forces may intensify the carbon emission of Jing-Jin-Ji urban agglomeration. To investigate the demand side carbon emissions and probe into the driving factors of embodied carbon emission along regional and industrial linkages within Jing-Jin-Ji urban agglomeration, the environmentally extended input-output analysis was used to calculate the consumption-based carbon dioxide in the Jing-Jin-Ji urban agglomeration from 2002 to 2017. The driving factors and key paths of carbon emissions in the Jing-Jin-Ji urban agglomeration are identified by combining Structural Decomposition Analysis (SDA) and Structural Path Decomposition (SPD). The results show that capital formation is the main contributor to consumption-based carbon emissions in the Jing-Jin-Ji urban agglomeration. The SDA results show that economic scale and population are key factors in promoting the increase of carbon emissions, and emission intensity plays an important role in offsetting carbon emissions. Backward industrial linkage, consumption structural effects of self-produced intermediate products and consumption structure play different roles on carbon emissions in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Province. Tracing the carbon emissions along the industrial chain, we found that the driving factors of carbon emissions have reversed impacts on different paths. The results may shed light on the targeted emission reduction policy design and synergetic emission reduction in Jing-Jin-Ji urban agglomeration.