To examine the effects of snow cover on soil nematode communities in alpine forests on the Tibetan Plateau, an Abies georgei var. smithii forest in the Sejila Mountains of southeastern Tibet was selected as the study area. Soil nematode communities were characterized at different snow cover thicknesses of 0, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm using high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that soil organic matter and total nitrogen content decreased significantly (P<0.05) and total potassium content increased significantly (P<0.05) with the thickening of snow cover. Snow cover thickening did not significantly affect the Shannon index, Simpson index, Pielou index, MI(maturity index), and NCR(nematode channel ratio) indicators of the nematode community, but the NCR values tended to increase. Snow cover thickening increased the relative abundance of Enoplea and Bacterivores nematodes, and also caused significant changes (P<0.05) in soil nematode community structure under 20 cm and 30 cm snow cover. Soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and total potassium content were the three most critical soil environmental factors affecting soil nematode communities. This study revealed that snow cover thickness affected soil nematode communities in the Abies georgei var. smithii forest, and the thickening of snow cover means a more stable and warm soil environment, which is conducive to the increase of soil bacteria and then to the decomposition of soil organic matter and the release of potassium, providing resources and environmental conditions for the increase of Enoplea and Bacterivores nematodes. A systematic survey of the soils in the Tibet region is still needed to better understand the distribution of soil nematodes and their response to environmental changes in this eco-fragile area.