生态旅游视角下海洋保护地生态产品价值实现机理与路径
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山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2022MD089);国家社科基金重大项目(16ZDA049);山东省社科规划项目(18CLYJ59)


Mechanism and path of realizing the value of ecological products in marine protected areas from the perspective of ecotourism
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    摘要:

    探索海洋保护地生态产品价值实现,有利于维持海洋保护地生态系统功能的正常发挥,能够在满足人民日益增长的优美生态环境需要的同时促进海洋自然保护地绿色发展和自然保护之间的良性循环。从生态旅游视角出发解析海洋保护地生态产品价值的实现机理,探索优质海洋生态产品持续供给路径。结果表明:①实现海洋保护地生态产品价值要识别生态产品,明确生态产品产权,核算生态产品价值。②政府、社区居民、企业、游客分别是价值实现的主导者、产品供给者、实施者以及产品消费者。③供给、文化服务产品价值实现借助社区居民、企业和游客间餐饮、住宿、文化娱乐等产品的市场交易,政府起到监督和管理的作用;调节服务产品价值实现包括政府、社区居民与企业间的产权交易,社区居民、企业和游客间的康养休闲产品交易,政府、企业、游客及社区居民间的旅游生态补偿。发展生态旅游过程中以利益相关者关系为切入点设计不同类型海洋生态产品价值实现路径能够为海洋保护地可持续发展提供有效参考。

    Abstract:

    Exploring the mechanism and path of realizing the value of marine protected areas’ ecological products is conducive to maintaining the normal function of marine protected areas ecosystem, providing more high-quality ecological products to meet the growing needs of people’s beautiful ecological environment, and promoting a virtuous circle between green development and nature protection of marine protected areas. From the perspective of ecotourism, this paper analyzes the realization mechanism of the value of ecological products in marine protected areas, and explores the sustainable supply path of high-quality marine ecological products. The results show that: ① in order to realize the value of ecological products in marine protected areas, it is necessary to identify ecological products, clarify their property rights and calculate their ecological value. ② Government, community residents, enterprises and tourists play the role of leaders, product suppliers, implementers, and product consumers, respectively. ③ The value of supply and cultural service products is realized through the market transactions of catering, accommodation, cultural entertainment products among community residents, enterprises and tourists. The government plays the role of supervision and management. The value realization of regulating service products includes property rights trading among government, community residents and enterprises, health and leisure products transactions among community residents, enterprises and tourists, as well as tourism ecological compensation among government, enterprises, tourists and community residents. In the process of developing ecotourism, designing the value realization path of different types of marine ecological products based on the relationship between stakeholders can provide an effective reference for the sustainable development of marine protected areas.

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李淑娟,梁晓丽,隋玉正,于国旭,张朝晖.生态旅游视角下海洋保护地生态产品价值实现机理与路径.生态学报,2023,43(12):5224~5233

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