Consolidation and enhancement of ecosystem carbon sink capacity is one of the ten action plans for carbon peaking, and also an important initiative to help achieve the goal of carbon neutrality and cope with climate change. As the largest carbon pool in the terrestrial ecosystems, forests are the main body of China's carbon sink policy. This paper compares the development and evolution of China's forest carbon sink policies since 2000, and evaluates the policy effectiveness and problems from three dimensions: ecological policy, economic policy and guarantee system construction. The purpose is to provide a basis for decision making to build the carbon sink policy system that meets the "double carbon" target. The results show that: (1) from the perspective of ecological policies, three major forestry projects, including Natural Forest Protection Project, the Grain for Green Program, and Three-North Shelter Forest Program, have increased the area and accumulation of forests in China, and significantly enhanced the increment of forest carbon sinks. But the sustainable forest management system has not been improved, so it is necessary to further improve the quality of forests and the long-term consolidation mechanism. (2) In terms of economic policies, China has formed multi-level forestry carbon sink trading markets, and promoted effectively the construction of forestry carbon sink projects. The development of various financial products and the implementation of subsidy policies have provided a diversified financial support system. But the overall financing scale and subsidies scope are limited, and it is necessary to broaden the financing channels and strengthen the financial support. (3) In terms of guarantee system construction, China's forest carbon sink guarantee system is in the key construction stage, and it is necessary to improve forest carbon sink-related laws and regulations, accelerate various forest technologies research, and guarantee the smooth operation of China's forest carbon sink policy.