Nitrogen deposition is an important pathway for nitrogen input into the biosphere. This paper employed bibliometric method using CiteSpace visualization software to comprehensively and systematically analyze the research hotspots and frontier trends of atmospheric nitrogen deposition based on the publications in the Web of Science Core Database during 1984—2021. The results revealed that the annual number of Web of Science papers showed overall upward trends. This direction was an interdisciplinary filed of environmental science, ecology, and meteorology and atmospheric sciences. The United States had the strongest research strength among all countered in the world, while the further cooperation between China and other countries or institutions should need to be strengthened. Most of the publications in this field were from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Professor Liu Xuejun, Professor Mo Jiangming and Professor Verheyen Kris were the primary authors in the atmospheric nitrogen deposition research field, and Atmospheric Environment, Global Change Biology, Science of the Total Environment and Environmental Pollution were the primary journal carriers. Nitrogen deposition characteristics, ecological effects and sources were the core content of the research. The current research fronts mainly included three aspects including large-scale global atmospheric nitrogen deposition, the synergistic responding mechanism of plants and soil microbial to nitrogen addition, and source analysis of atmospheric nitrogen deposition and control measures should be needed to decrease emission of NH3 and NOX. The present study could provide reference information for scholars in the relevant fields to allow them to address specific scientific issues.