It has been widely reported that the frequency and intensity of drought events caused by climate warming have increased, resulting in the decline and death of some forests in the world. However, due to the different adaptability of forests to deficit in different regions, the characteristics of forest adaptation to drought events should be carefully studied at the regional scale. Among the forested regions of Northeast China, the Greater Khingan Mountains have seen the fastest rate of warming during the past several decades. The Greater Khingan Mountains forest, dominated by Larix gmelini, has important ecological significance as the only boreal forest in China. Understanding its adaption to water deficits is important, especially as global warming greatly affects water conditions. In this study, we analyzed and compared the radial growth rate and adaptability to extreme drought (resistance (Rt), recovery (Rc) and resilience (Rs)) of Larix gmelini at different latitudes (47°17'-51°17'). The results showed that the coping strategies of Larix gmelini to drought in different latitudes had common characteristics:(1) the growth of Larix gmelini at different latitudes in the study area was significantly positive correlation with Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI)in July and August of current growing season (P<0.05); (2) Large size trees had lower resistance and resilience to drought, and weaker adaptability to drought. The coping strategies of Larix gmelinii to drought in different latitudes were distinct:(1) the resistance and resilience of Larix gmelinii to drought decreased with the increase of latitude, while the recovery was on the contrary; (2) the adaptability of Larix gmelinii in higher latitudes to drought was weak, resulting in the highest frequency and intensity of growth decline, while those in middle and lower latitudes were on the contrary. Based on these results, we can infer that radial growth of Larix gmelinii is more sensitive to water deficit during the rapid growth period of the year and certain biological factors are important to regulating adaptation. Climatology conditions affect adaptation:at higher latitudes or higher altitudes, Larix gmelinii may be more susceptible to declines in radial growth when droughts occur. We can predict that the adaptability of Larix gmelinii could be enhanced when to water deficits are accompanied by temperature increases, but as water conditions continue to change, further increases in drought intensity or frequency may complicate the outcomes.