Alpine musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster) has been critically endangered, distributed in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and surrounding areas in China. Xinglongshan National Nature Reserve (XNNR) is one of the most important distributing area of wild alpine musk deer, in-depth understanding of the habitat structure, quality and distribution of the reserve is a prerequisite and basis for successful conservation of alpine musk deer in this region, but there is lack of research on the habitat suitability of alpine musk deer on a large scale in XNNR. In this study, we used the distribution point data of wild alpine musk deer in XNNR obtained from field survey, and used MaxEnt model, combined with data of environmental variables such as topography, normalized difference vegetation index, distance to waterway and distance to road to conduct summer habitat suitability analysis of wild alpine musk deer. The results showed that the main factors affecting the summer habitat suitability of alpine musk deer were altitude (accounting for 40.3%), aspect (accounting for 23.4%), normalized difference vegetation index (accounting for 18.6%) and distance to waterway (accounting for 10.9%); the distribution area of potentially summer suitable habitats for alpine musk deer in XNNR was 123.34 km², accounting for 41.11% of the whole reserve and 61.92% of the forest land in entire reserve; the potential summer distribution areas of alpine musk deer were mainly concentrated in the central and western reserve, of which the highly suitable habitats were about 4.47% of the reserve, and there were discontinuous distribution areas among and within the suitability areas. To strengthen the in situ conservation of wild alpine musk deer population and habitats in XNNR, it is recommended that habitat conservation measures should be taken to improve the habitat suitability of the potential distribution area of alpine musk deer, and to increase the connectivity between suitable habitats.