Temperature plays an important role in regulating the changes of vegetation phenology. Both climate warming and urbanization will affect temperature and thus affect vegetation phenology. Based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) time series images of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region from 2001 to 2020, referring to the monitoring data of phenological observation stations, the dynamic threshold method was used to extract the key phenological parameters of the study area, namely the Start of Growing Season (SOG) and the End of Growing Season (EOG), and the Length of Growing Season (LOG). This paper discussed the response of vegetation phenology to urbanization by analyzing the temporal and spatial variation characteristics and urban-rural differences of different vegetation in cropland, forestland and grassland in BTH in recent 20 years. The results showed that:(1) the distribution of SOG dates in cropland showed a double peaks phenomenon, the SOG dates of forestland and grassland were relatively concentrated, and the distribution of EOG dates of the three types of vegetation were relatively concentrated; from 2001 to 2020, SOG dates in most areas of BTH were advanced and EOG dates were delayed. LOG presented an extended trend. (2) The spatial distribution characteristics of phenological differences in urban-rural gradients indicated that on the whole, there were SOG advanced and EOG delayed in urban phenology of cropland, forestland and grassland compared with rural areas, and the phenological difference between urban and rural areas was significantly greater than that between suburban transitional zones and rural areas. (3) The temporal distribution characteristics of the phenological difference of urban-rural gradient during 2001-2020 showed that the SOG was advanced, the EOG was delayed and the LOG was prolonged in the study area including the new and old urban areas, suburban transitional zones and rural areas, but the urban-rural difference of phenological parameters of cropland, forestland and grassland was decreasing year by year. (4) The greater the temperature difference between urban and rural areas, the greater the advance of SOG and the delay of EOG. When the temperature difference between urban and rural areas in spring increased by 1℃, the urban-rural SOG difference of forestland and grassland would increase by 9.44d (P<0.05) and 10.66d (P<0.01), respectively; When the temperature difference between urban and rural areas in autumn increases by 1℃,the urban-rural EOG difference of forestland and grassland would increase by 13.03d (P<0.05) and 7.15d (P<0.01) respectively.