Understanding of tree-growth responses to climate is vital for past climate reconstruction and predicting the responses to future climate changes of trees. In terms of rare and endangered species, this will also help to effectively protect them. Among the rare and endangered plants of Taxus in China, Taxus fuana has the smallest distribution area and high field survival pressure, belonging to a very small population plant. In this study, dendroecology method was used to sample T. fuana populations from Kaire and Jipu in Gyirong, Tibet, we analyzed the correlation between radial growth of T. fuana and temperature and precipitation related climatic factors, aimed to reveal the main climatic factors affecting the growth of T. fuana in Gyirong area. The results showed that radial growth of the two populations had different responses to temperature. Radial growth of T. fuana in Kaire population had a significantly positive correlation with monthly temperature; the correlation between Jipu population and monthly temperature was weak and negative, especially in March. Radial growth of the two populations responded differently to precipitation. Precipitation in winter dormant period (December) negatively related to radial growth of T. fuana in Kaire population, while the precipitation in early growth period (May) and late growth period (September) positively related to radial growth of T. fuana. Monthly precipitation had no significant relations on the radial growth of T. fuana in Jipu population. The results can provide reference for exploring the suitable distribution area of T. fuana under climate change, as well as the protection and sustainable management of T. fuana.