Vegetation restoration is an important measure to prevent and control soil erosion on the Loess Plateau, but shallow landslides induced by rainfall occur frequently on the revegetation slopes, affecting the process of runoff and sediment production in the watershed. In order to quantify the impact of shallow landslides on the process of runoff and sediment and to study the difference in runoff and sediment yield before and after the landslide occurrence, the field simulated rainfall tests were carried out on the grasscovered slope in the Wangdonggou watershed on the Loess Plateau. Based on the field investigation, each experimental plot was 25 m long and 2.5 m wide, and the slope was 35°-40°. Rainfall intensity was 60 mm/h, rainfall time was 90 min, representing a typical heavy rainfall on the Loess Plateau. After the shallow landslide occurred, another rainfall test was carried out, and then the rainfall was stopped. Runoff and sediment samples were collected at the plot outlet at 5minute intervals from the beginning of the rainfall. After the test, a 100 cm³ ring knife was used to collect soil samples from different soil layers (10 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm) in the experimental plot to determine soil bulk density, soil porosity, and the saturated hydraulic conductivity. Three soil samples were taken from each layer. The drying method was used to determine the soil bulk density and soil porosity, and the doublering knife method was used to determine the saturated hydraulic conductivity. The results show that:(1) the depth of the shallow landslide on the grass cover slope induced by extreme rainfall was 14-36 cm, which was consistent with the shallow landslide depth (less than 50 cm) caused by the natural heavy rainfall. The shallow landslide depth was significantly correlated with the vegetation root depth. (2) There were significant differences in the physical properties between upper layer (rootsoil composite) and the lower layer of the landslide surface (P<0.05). The bulk density of the lower layer of the landslide surface was 20.6%-26.0% higher than the upper layer of the landslide surface. The saturated hydraulic conductivity of the upper layer of the landslide surface was 8.2-311 times higher than that of the lower layer of the landslide surface. Under extreme rainfall, the soil moisture on the surface of the landslide reached saturation sooner, and the soil moisture saturation exceeded 90%. (3) The runoff and sediment yield after a shallow landslide on the grass cover slope increased significantly (P<0.05). The average runoff intensity of the three plots was only 0.05-0.13 mm/min before the landslide, and as high as 0.62-0.69 mm/min after the landslide, an increase of 4.0-13.1 times. The average sediment concentration and average sediment yield rate were only 0.6-5.8 kg/m³ and 0.03-0.26 g m^-2 min^-1 before the landslide, respectively, and reached 30.0-111.5 kg/m³ and 18.6-21.9 g m^-2 min^-1 after the landslide, respectively, increasing of 9.9-54.9 times and 70-841 times. The research results are helpful to deepen the understanding of the erosion and sediment yield mechanism of revegetation slopes, and provide scientific basis for shallow landslide prevention and control.