River system nested the human civilization by providing various ecosystem services. It is a social-ecological system featured with coupling between physical processes and social-economic activities and their great spatial heterogeneity, the high temporal fluctuation of landscape structure and processes, and the significant hierarchy of operational scales. Presently, the knowledge of the feedbacks between ecosystem services supply capacity and the demands or consumption determined by the above intrinsic nature of river landscape is scare. There is also lack of process-based delineation of the spatio-temporal heterogeneity and scale behavior of feedbacks in practices. The ecosystem services supply, demand and consumption rooted in the social-ecological system, and are critical linkage in social-ecological coupling. This study revealed the spatial and temporal heterogeneity, coupling regime and scale-dependent features of ecosystem services supply and demand/consumption. By literature review, the research weakness on the feedbacks between ecosystem service supply and demand/consumption was revealed. It is argued that in future researches, the ecological processes and the social processes should be integrated to develop a social-ecological framework to reveal the feedbacks between ecosystem service supply and the demand/consumption. There are three recommendations for future researches:(1) the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of the ecosystem services supply and demand/consumption that determined by landscape configuration and social-ecological processes in river landscape; (2) physical and anthropogenic carriers delivering the ecosystem services and their coupling pattern; (3) ecosystem services assessment frameworks incorporating the feedback of ecosystem service demands/consumption to ecosystem service supply through landscape structure and ecological processes, and modelling tools incorporating on feedbacks between ecosystem supply and demand/consumption.