Dendroclimatic research in Qinling mountainous area has attracted extensive attention from numerous scholars, nevertheless the effect of tree age factor on regulating the response relationship between tree radial growth and climate has not gained enough local attention. In this study, the dendroclimatological method was applied to establish the low, middle and advanced age groups of tree-ring width residual chronologies of Abies fargesii from Niubeiliang National Natural Reserve in the Qinling Mountains. We explored the response relationship between radial growth of Abies fargesii from different age groups and climate factors extracted from 0.5°×0.5° resolution gridded data that covered the research region, in order to interpret the potential impact of age differences on the radial growth-climate response characteristics of Abies fargesii. The results unveiled that, there were obvious differences among the statistical characteristic parameters of the Abies fargesii residual chronologies from three different age groups:the mean sensitivity and expressed population signal decreased with the increase of age, but the standard deviation, the mean correlation among all radii and the variants in the first eigen vector were the lowest in the middle age group, while the signal-to-noise ratio was the highest in the middle age group. The increase of mean total precipitation occurred in spring (March to May) and the increase of air temperature in autumn (September to November) had the strongest effect on the radial growth of Abies fargesii in the low-age group, while this promoting effect on the radial growth of middle-aged trees was significantly weakened. However, it had little effect on the radial growth of Abies fargesii in the advanced-age group. The promoting effect of air temperature on the radial growth of Abies fargesii increased with the increase of tree age. The correlation coefficients between the different chronologies and the mean air temperature and the average maximum air temperature in February, August of the current year as well as May of the previous year showed gradual increasing trend with the increase of age class. Age factors had a clear impact on the tree radial growth-climate response relationship of Abies fargesii from Niubeiliang National Natural Reserve. In conclusion, with the increase of age, the restriction effect of precipitation on radial growth of Abies fargesii was weakened while the limitation effect of temperature was enhanced. Hence, the different responses of Abies fargesii to climate should be considered in the dendrochronological studies and the formulation of forest management strategies.