In China,Eremurus altaicus,Eremurus inderiensis and Eremurus anisopterus are only distributed in Xinjiang.It is of great significance to the distribution, utilization and scientific protection of ephemeral plant resources in Xinjiang to study the suitable distributions of Eremurus altaicus, Eremurus inderiensis and Eremurus anisopterus and their possible responses to future climatic changes. A total of 64 natural distribution sites, 6 climate factors and 2 topographic factors were collected in this study. MaxEnt model and ArcGIS software were used to simulate the ecological suitability of the three species of Eremurus under current climate scenario. To investigate the dominant factors influencing the distribution of the three species and their numerical ranges, and to predict the possible responses of the suitable distribution of the three species to future climatic changes (2001-2040、2041-2080,the society is a medium greenhouse gas emission scenario:based on SSP2-4.5 shard socio-economic path).The research results show that:(1) Under the basic climate, there is great differences in the suitable distribution of the three species in Xinjiang:Eremurus altaicus is mainly distributed in Ili River Valley, northern foot of the Tianshan Mountain, middle of the Altai Mountain and the Western Junggar Mountains. Both of psammophytes are distributed in the oasis-desert transition zone in the central Tianshan Mountains and the sandy land in the southwest of Gurbantunggut Desert; (2) The maximum monthly precipitation (1-25mm) mainly limited the suitable distribution of Eremurus altaicus, the temperature seasonal variation index (1150-1672) mainly limited the suitable distribution of Eremurus inderiensis and Eremurus anisopterus; (3) During 2001-2040 and 2041-2080, the suitable distribution of the three species of Eremurus show a decreasing trend as a whole:the Eremurus altaicus is reduced slightly towards the northern foot of the Tianshan Mountain and the Western Junggar Mountains; Eremurus inderiensis and Eremurus anisopterus shrink slightly towards the southern edge of the Gurbantunggut Desert.