城市群生态网络协同构建场景要素与路径分析——以粤港澳大湾区为例
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国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFB2103105)


Collaborative construction of ecological network in urban agglomerations: A case study of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
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    摘要:

    城市群生态网络构建是城市与区域协同发展面临的重要场景之一,合理的生态网络能加强生态源地间的连通性,提高生态系统的生态功能,有效缓解生态环境问题,对保障城市与区域生态安全,提升人类福祉具有重要意义。以粤港澳大湾区城市群为例,以场景为依托开展生态网络协同构建场景要素与协同路径分析,结合景观连通性和形态学空间格局分析方法(MSPA)获得生态源地,并基于最小累积阻力模型识别生态廊道与生态节点,构建大湾区生态网络总体格局,最后从跨区域协作角度探讨城市群生态网络协同构建的潜在路径。研究结果表明:(1)研究区生态网络由40个生态源地、780条潜在生态廊道与892个生态节点构成,生态源地面积1.88万km2,占湾区总面积比例为33%,所识别的生态源地及生态廊道与自然保护区、广东省万里碧道、珠江三角洲绿道网重合程度较高;(2)识别跨区域生态廊道552条,其中,跨越佛山与广州市的生态廊道较多,一半以上的廊道跨越三个及以上城市,跨陆海区域的生态廊道连接了湾区南部主要沿海城市,构成陆海生态网络的关键组成部分;(3)提出城市群生态网络协同构建的潜在模式,应结合生态源地、生态廊道、生态节点等构建主体,分析城市内、城市间生态网络构建过程涉及的协同需求、协同对象,探索差异化的协同路径;(4)以场景为依托识别城市群生态网络构建场景的主题、时空特征、对象、路径和价值,可为进一步开展生态网络协同构建与应用示范过程提供指导。本研究是对城市群生态网络协同建设的有益探索,基于跨区域生态廊道协同构建场景模式的探讨能够为今后进一步探索区域统筹协同机制、实现景观格局协同构建和优化、促进区域生态共建共享提供理论依据。

    Abstract:

    The construction of ecological network is an important measure to connect habitat patches and protect biological habitats, which not only can improve ecological function, but also increase the comprehensive ability of the ecosystem and alleviate the deterioration of ecological environmental. It is of great significance to guarantee urban and regional ecological security and improve human well-being. Taking the urban agglomeration of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as an example and relying on the scene planning method, this study carried out the scene elements and collaborative path analysis of ecological network construction. Based on the Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) and the Minimum Cumulative Resistance model (MCR), we identified the ecological sources, ecological corridors and ecological nodes to form the ecological network of the Greater Bay Area. In addition, the potential collaborative forms of urban agglomeration ecological network construction were discussed from a cross-regional perspective. The research results show that:(1) ecological network of the Greater Bay Area is composed of 40 ecological sources, 780 ecological corridors and 892 ecological nodes, which has a high overlap with nature reserves, ecological belt in Guangdong and greenway network in the Pearl River Delta. The ecological source is 18800 km2, accounting for 33% of the Greater Bay Area. (2) 552 cross-regional ecological corridors are identified and more than half of them across three or more cities. The corridors crossing Guangzhou and Foshan are as high as 46%. The land-sea ecological corridor connects the major coastal cities in the southern part of the Greater Bay Area, forming a key component of the land-sea ecological network. (3) A potential collaborative mode for ecological network construction of urban agglomerations was proposed. From the perspective of ecological source, ecological corridor and ecological node, collaborative needs, collaborative objects, and collaborative paths were further analyzed from the intra-city and inter-city scales. (4) Scene planning helps to identify the scene theme, spatiotemporal characteristics, scene objects, scene construction paths and scene value of urban agglomeration ecological network construction. It can be a theoretical tool to provide guidance for the further development of the ecological network collaborative construction and practice. This research is a useful exploration of the collaborative construction of ecological network in urban agglomerations. The discussion based on the collaborative construction of cross-regional ecological corridors will helps to provide a theoretical basis for further exploring regional coordination mechanisms, realizing the collaborative construction and optimization of landscape patterns, and promoting regional ecological joint construction in the future.

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冯舒,唐正宇,俞露,郭晨,汤沫熙,杨志鹏.城市群生态网络协同构建场景要素与路径分析——以粤港澳大湾区为例.生态学报,2022,42(20):8223~8237

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