Halophytes play a critical role in the revolution of estuarine wetlands. Tamarix chinensis is a typical halophyte with salt resistance and barren tolerance. To explore the influence of Tamarix chinensis on salinization, A survey plot was set at the estuary of the Yellow River in the National Nature Reserve (37°35'- 38°12'N, 118°33'- 119°20'E), which covered 3 vegetation communities:Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall community, Tamarix chinensis community and Phragmites communis community. In each community, 3 sample Tamarix chinensis shrubs with similar age, height and crown width were chosen, 16 soil profiles were evenly arranged in the four directions of East, West, North and south, under each sample Tamarix chinensis crown. 5 soil profiles in each direction were 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 m away from Tamarix chinensis basal stem respectively. In addition, one more soil profile was set next to basal stem lying at the center of the shrub. At each soil profile, soil samples are collected in layers according to the depth of 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-50 cm. Total salinity (TS), electrical conductivity (EC), hydrogen ion concentration (pH), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Cl^-, HCO^-₃ and SO^2-₄ were tested and analyzed in laboratory. One-way ANOVA and multiple comparison (LSD) were applied to analyze soil salt content and salinization parameters between different layers. Kriging interpolation method was applied to analyze the salt distribution characteristics of soil profile. The results show that:(1) the soil in the study area was weakly alkaline saline soil, and the order of ion content from high to low was Cl^- > Na⁺> SO^2-₄ > Ca²⁺> Mg²⁺ > HCO^-₃ > K⁺. TS, EC, ESP and salt ions in the surface layer were greater than those in the deep layers, with the exception pH, which was the lowest in the surface layer, indicating surface aggregation. (2) The spatial distribution of soil salinity and salinization parameters is as follows:the of "Salt Valley" and "Alkali Valley" effects formed around the Tamarix basal stem, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Cl ^- formed "Salt Valley", and K⁺, SO^2-₄, Ca²⁺ formed "Salt Island". (3) Taking all the soil profiles as a whole, the anion and cation with the strongest correlation with TS and EC were Cl^- and Mg²⁺, respectively. The correlation between Ca²⁺, SO^2-₄ and TS and EC from shrub center to outside edge of the shrub was gradually weakened, and the correlation between Mg²⁺, Cl^- and TS and EC enhanced gradually. Ca²⁺ and SO^2-₄ showed strongly negative correlation with pH. Of all the anions, HCO₃-expressed very significant correlation with ESP. Similarly, Na⁺ and K⁺ were the two anions expressing very significant correlation were Na⁺ and K⁺. Furthermore, the correlation between Na⁺ and K⁺ and ESP increased gradually from shrub center to outside. (4) Soil salinization was mainly controlled by Na⁺, the influence of Cl^- on the degree of salinization gradually increased and the influence of SO^2-₄ gradually decreased from shrub center to outside.