Evarcha albaria (L. Koch) is an important predatory enemy in tea plantations, which plays an important role in biological control of pests in tea plantations. To study the potential distribution range of the E. albaria and the potential impact of climate warming on its distribution is of great significance for protecting and utilizing the E. albaria and giving full play to its ecological regulation on pests in tea plantations. In this study, based on the current 163 distribution sites and 6 environmental variables in China, the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) was used to predict the potential distribution regions of the E. albaria in current and future (2050) under two climate scenarios (SSP2_4.5 and SSP5_8.5) in China. The results showed that the MaxEnt model had a good accuracy in predicting the distribution of potential suitable regions of the E. albaria, and the average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value was 0.852; The missing rate of test samples was basically consistent with the predicted missing rate, and the model construction effect was very good. The suitable distribution regions of the E. albaria were about 4.2993 million km², accounting for 44.78% of the total area of China. The high suitable regions were mainly distributed in Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Chongqing, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, and Fujian in current. Under the future climate scenarios, the potential suitable regions of the E. albaria were expanding, mainly in Xinjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan. Under the SSP5_8.5 climate scenario, the total suitable regions changed the most, from the current 4.2993 million km² to 5.6222 million km², an increase of 30.77%. Under the two future climate scenarios, the potential suitable distribution regions of the E. albaria will expand and move northward in varying degrees compared with the current. The main environmental variables affecting the potential distribution of the E. albaria were the lowest temperature in the coldest month (bio6), the precipitation in the wettest month (bio13), the precipitation in the driest month (bio14), and the average temperature in the warmest season (bio10), which calculated by Jackknife method. The E. albaria is widely distributed in most regions of China, and the future climate conditions are conducive to its survival and reproduction. In order to ensure the safe and high-quality production of tea and the sustainable development of tea industry, it is necessary to strengthen the protection and utilization of the E. albaria, fully exploit and play its biological control, and reduce the use of chemical pesticides in tea plantations.