Habitat suitability evaluation is a basis for species conservation, habitat management and planning. Over the past decades, the number of wild Asian elephants in Yunnan Province of China has increased sharply, and elephants' emigration from their original habitats frequently occurred. However, habitat quality in the newly inhabited areas is often poorly known due to lack of records in presence of Asian elephants, which hinders Asian elephant protection and risk prevention. The rapid development of remote sensing big data mapping technology provides new data sources for habitat suitability evaluation studies, and offers the possibility of identifying suitable habitats for species on a large regional scale more accurately and finely. In this study, a remote sensing big data-driven habitat suitability evaluation system for Asian elephants is constructed. We selected the Yuanjiang-Lixianjiang River Basin newly immigrated by Asian elephants as a case area, used meta-analysis to search for environmental factors related to Asian elephants habitat evaluation, and screened out habitat suitability evaluation factors by combining correlation analysis with variance inflation factor test. Subsequently, all habitat suitability evaluation factors were quantified based on open-source remote sensing data products and their weights were calculated using principal component analysis and analytic hierarchy process. Finally, we used a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model to determine the habitat suitability of Asian elephants in the study area and analyzed landscape patterns of habitats of Asian elephants. The results show that (1) the habitat suitability of Asian elephants in the Yuanjiang-Lixian River Basin decreased gradually upstream. The optimal habitat mainly occurred in the downstream basin, with a small distribution in the midstream basin and almost no distribution in the upstream basin. (2) The Yuanjiang River Basin was less suitable for Asian elephants than the Lixian River Basin because it had less connected and more fragmented habitat patches, which cannot meet the minimum home range requirements of Asian elephant populations and make it difficult to sustain a long-term survival of the "northward migration elephant herd". (3) The habitat suitability decreased along the northward migration route of elephant herd called "northward migration elephant herd" roaming in 2021 with the decreased distribution of natural broad-leaved forests along the way. The findings provide a basis for scientifically guiding the elephant herd into suitable habitats to avoid the conflicts between the human and wild elephant and thereby to ensure the safety of the elephant herd and the affected residents, which will serve for the regional biodiversity conservation and rural revitalization.