This paper aims to explore the spatial pattern and evolutionary changes of mangrove community on the island of Maoweihai Nature Reserve, Beibu Gulf, Guangxi. Taking the mangrove plants such as Aegiceras Corniculatum, Kandelia obovata and Avicennia Marina in the typical mangrove island as research objects, the complete spatial randomness model (CSR) and heterogeneous Poisson model (HP) of univariate function and toroidal shift (TS) of bivariate function were established in the study. The structural characteristics, spatial pattern, intra-and intraspecific associations of the three mangrove populations were analyzed. The following results are obtained:(1) Aegiceras corniculatum population has more individuals in small size and middle size, presents pyramidal age structure, and is increasing. Kandelia obovata population has more individuals in middle size, and presents bell-shaped age structure, with the number being in a stable state. Avicennia marina has relatively few individuals, fewer seedlings and more old trees, blocking population renewal, and presents spindle-shaped structure and declining trend. (2) On the whole, the mangrove community presents the spatial agglomeration characteristics. To be specific, the agglomeration degree order is as follows:Aegiceras corniculatum > Avicennia marina > Kandelia obovata. (3) As spatial scale increases, mangrove community presents aggregation, random and uniform spatial distribution characteristics in turn. (4) With the increase of scale, the interspecific relationship between Aegiceras corniculatum and Kandelia obovata/Avicennia marina presents the spatial non-correlation-spatial negative correlation-spatial non-correlation, while the interspecific relationship between Kandelia obovata and Avicennia marina presents the spatial non-correlation. (5) The Aegiceras corniculatum at different ages present the spatially positive correlation, spatial non-correlations, and spatial negative correlation; Kandelia obovata at different ages present the spatial non-correlations; Avicennia marina at different ages present spatial positive correlation. (6)Various factors such as reproductive characteristics, habitat heterogeneity, intraspecific and interspecific competition, diseases and pests affect the spatial pattern of mangrove population. The naturally ecological conditions in coastal areas should be also taken into account for the artificial mangrove planting and restoration. Besides, it is suggested to plant native mangrove according to the adaptive morphological characteristic, community type and natural succession law of mangrove population, appropriately introduce alien species, develop a similarly natural artificial mangrove structure, and improve the community biodiversity and stability, thus exerting the ecological and environmental effects of mangrove wetland ecosystem.