The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau serves as a key ecological barrier and strategic resource base in China, and one of the most important goals of regional development on the plateau is to strike a balance between the needs of social and economic growth and ecological protection. This goal has been achieved through a series of major construction projects that have been carried out successively by the Chinese government to promote local economic development, as well as through the implementation of a series of ecological restoration measures that have been put in place to address the environmental issues that have arisen during the course of the project's development. At the moment, there are just a few studies on the ecological restoration of big construction projects on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Studies on the integration of the restoration benefits of multiple construction project types, as well as the effectiveness evaluation of ecological restoration at a macro-spatial layout scale, are still relatively rare. Furthermore, there are still no regionally harmonized evaluation standards for evaluating the ecological restoration benefits of big construction projects in the region. For this reason, it is necessary to construct an index system for conducting a comprehensive assessment of the ecological impacts caused by the construction projects and the benefits resulting from the ecological restoration projects in the region from the perspective of the whole Tibetan Plateau. Therefore, this study selected three typical major construction projects of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, including road works, hydropower projects, and mineral development projects, to develop a scientifically sound and systematic evaluation index system for the comprehensive benefits of ecological restoration associated with major construction projects in the region. The ecosystem structure, quality, and service provided by the ecosystem following ecological restoration served as the core framework for this indicator system. After taking into account the characteristics of the region as well as the construction and ecological restoration projects, specific indicators that could be used to measure the ecological restoration benefits of the region were identified through literature research, industry consultation, and other methods. Finally, a systematic, logical, and scientific index system for evaluating the comprehensive benefits of ecological restoration associated with significant building projects on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was constructed. The evaluation indicator system consisted of three indicator categories, ten thematic indicators, and twenty-one particular indicators. This study could provide scientific reference and theoretical guidance for overall cognition and long-term monitoring of the ecological restoration benefits of major construction projects in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It could also be used to formulate future ecological restoration projects, plan the layout of construction projects, put in other ecosystem management measures, and conduct ecological restoration assessment studies in the future.