Pinus massoniana plantation is an important part of forest resources in China. Its construction has greatly increased forest coverage and solved the contradiction between wood supply and demand. But a large number of Pinus massoniana plantations are easy to be infected with pine wood nematodes (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, heterogeneous changes have taken place on the forest growth, physio-biochemical indexes, community diversity, etc. At present, little is known on the underground response, especially the response of the infected Pinus massoniana fine roots to the pine wood nematode disease. In this study, the infected Pinus massoniana plantation and healthy plantation were sampled by the soil column method at the pine wood nematode epidemic area, and the soil layer was divided into 0-15 cm layer and 15-30 cm layer. The fine root morphology and biomass were quantified in level 1-5 root orders to further understand the heterogeneous changes of the fine root morphology, biomass and nutrient concentration. Ultimately, this study would like to explore the differential characteristics of the fine root morphology, biomass and nutrient elements of the Pinus massoiniana plantation infected by the pine wood nematodes. The results showed that: (1) The health status of the infected Pinus massoniana plantation fine roots was positively correlated with the root length density (RLD) and biomass (P<0.01). The low order fine roots, such as level-1 roots, would respond more strongly after the fine roots were affected by the pine wood nematode disease. (2) When the Pinus massoniana plantation were attacked by the pine wood nematodes, the concentrations of the infected fine root available phosphorus and available potassium were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the concentrations of total nitrogen and calcium were significantly increased (P<0.05). (3)The pine nematode disease also influenced the soil crucial components that the soil organic matter content of the infected Pinus massoniana plantation was significantly higher than that of the healthy stand (P<0.05), while the content of the soil available potassium was significantly lower than that of the healthy Pinus massoniana plantation (P<0.05). The above results firstly showed that heterogeneous changes happened on the infected Pinus massoniana plantation of the fine root morphology, root nutrient concentration and soil nutrient concentration. The Pinus massoniana plantation responded to the pine wood nematode disease on the underground by the fine roots. Furthermore, the effect of the pine wilt disease (PWD) on the fine roots of the infected Pinus massoniana plantation was revealed, aiming to provide some reference for the prevention and control of the pine wilt disease on Pinus massoniana plantation.