Abstract:Constructing ecological security pattern is an effectively spatial approach to alleviate the prominent contradiction between ecological protection and economic development to ensure sustainable development. However, the current construction of ecological security pattern emphasizes too much on synthesis. The simple method of superposition of multiple ecosystem services ignores the trade-offs and synergies among different ecosystem services, so it is difficult to directly support the ecological protection decision-making under different objectives. Taking Guangdong Province as an example, this study focused on seven important ecosystem services, including habitat maintenance, water conservation, water purification, grain production, soil conservation, flood risk mitigation, and coastal disaster mitigation. Ecological security patterns were constructed for single ecological conservation objectives, such as biodiversity conservation, water resource utilization, grain production, and natural disaster prevention. The results showed that the ecological security pattern for biodiversity conservation was distributed in a "double barrier zones" pattern, and the ecological sources were mainly distributed in the ecological development area of Northern Guangdong. The water security pattern for water resource utilization was distributed in the pattern of "five rivers-one belt", and the key protected areas were mainly located in rivers, lakes, reservoirs and the surrounding green space. Ecological sources for grain production were mainly distributed in the east and west wings of Guangdong Province. Ecological sources for natural disaster prevention were rarely distributed in Pearl River Delta, Zhanjiang and Shantou, but mainly concentrated in the ecological development area of Northern Guangdong. The comprehensively ecological sources with total area of 49536.10 km2 were identified by integrating the ecological sources determined based on the comprehensive importance of multiple ecosystem services, and the multiple sources under single ecological protection objectives, which were mainly distributed in the periphery of the Pearl River Delta and the ecological development area of Northern Guangdong. Based on the minimum cumulative resistance model and circuit model, ecological corridors with total length of 2268.07 km were identified, among which were long and narrow in the Pearl River Delta. There were 32 pinch points, mainly distributed in 12 narrows with high current value in the corridors of Zhongshan, Zhuhai, and Jiangmen. There were 44 barriers, mainly distributed in Zhongshan, Zhuhai, Jiangmen and Huizhou, with 19 barriers covering most of the corridors in these cities. For the integration of multiple ecological conservation objectives, several aspects should be focused in the formulation of ecological conservation and restoration strategies in Guangdong Province, including habitat quality improvement in ecological development area of Northern Guangdong, water security of rivers, lakes, reservoirs, riparian zones and reservoir shore zone, the cultivated land protection and comprehensive land control in Zhanjiang and Shantou, natural disaster prevention in coastal area. At the same time, the protection of pinch points and the restoration of barriers should be carried out to enhance the connectivity of the ecological corridors in the Pearl River Delta.