Understanding the spatial characteristics of ecological environment quality at different spatial scales and their underlying social-ecological drivers was essential for forming the efficient management decisions of ecosystems. Taking the International Tourism and Culture Demonstration Area in South Anhui Province as an example, this paper analyzed the spatial heterogeneity of the ecosystem service value (ESV) at different scales based on the methods of spatial hotspot analysis. The four-quadrant model was used to evaluate the ecological quality at the county and township scale. Last, this study examined the ESV' responses to the social-ecological drivers at the two spatial scales and explored the interaction mechanism between the ESV and the geographical environment. The results show that:(1) there was significant heterogeneity in the ESV on the spatial pattern. The distribution pattern showed obviously spatial auto correlation. The spatial pattern of the ESV was affected by scale, and the distribution of cold and hot spots were some differences between the county and township scale. (2) The intensity of human activities was basically consistent with the degree of the ESV coupling, and the overall ecological quality was in good condition. In addition, the degree of coupling between the intensity of human activities and the ESV showed significantly spatial heterogeneity across scales. (3) The spatial differentiation of the ESV was affected by a variety of factors. The explanatory power of each factor to the ESV spatial heterogeneity was significantly different. Moreover, the magnitudes of social-ecological drivers' impacts on the ESV varied at different scales. Across the two spatial scales, the drivers of the ESV exhibited scale dependence, the smaller the scale, the more diverse the drivers. The socioeconomic factors were key drivers for the ESV at the county scale, while the natural and socioeconomic drivers were key drivers at the township scale. There were obviously mutual reinforcements among the driving forces, while the interaction between two-factor interaction enhanced the explanatory ability of the spatial differentiation of the ESV. The results of our study advocated the multiscale assessment of the human activity effect on ecosystem services and emphasized the necessity of embracing scale dependency in the regional ecosystem management. It was of practical significance to implement more precise management measures at a smaller scale. The results can help decision makers to formulate corresponding ecological management strategies at appropriate spatial scales and promote sustainable development in the area.