In the context of global warming, the responses of tree radial growth to climate factors usually vary with the regional dryness and wetness. Qinling Mountains is located in a climate-sensitive and ecologically fragile region, whose north slope and south slope show different climatic characteristics. It is essential for accurately predicting the impact of climate change on tree growth by analyzing the response of trees radial growth to climate factors and drought events in the context of climate warming. In order to explore the response of the radial growth of Pinus tabuliformis in the Qinling Mountains to climatic factors and drought events in different moisture conditions, we collected tree-ring cores at four sampling sites on the south and north slopes of middle and western Qinling Mountains. We analyzed the relationships between the chronology of Pinus tabuliformis and climate factors at different sites by using the method of dendroecology. Indices, e.g. resistance, recovery, and resilience, were defined and used to explore the coping capacity of radial growth to drought events. Our results indicated that:1) in western and north slope Qinling Mountains, the radial growth of Pinus tabuliformis was negatively correlated with mean temperature from July to September in the previous year and that from May to July in the current year, and was also positively correlated with monthly total precipitation in May. On the south slope of middle Qinling Mountains, Pinus tabuliformis was positively correlated with mean temperature from February to April, monthly mean temperature and mean minimum temperature in September in the current year. Pinus tabuliformis was also negatively correlated with monthly total precipitation in April. 2) The main factor restricting the radial growth of Pinus tabuliformis in the western and north slopes of the study area was the water deficit caused by the increased temperature in the growing season. The limiting effects of temperature and drought on the radial growth of Pinus tabuliformis in the south slope of middle Qinling Mountains were significantly weaker than those at the other three sampling sites. 3) Pinus tabuliformis in the north slope of Qinling Mountains showed lower resistance, recovery and resilience to drought events than trees on the south slope of western Qinling Mountains and on the north slope of middle Qinling Mountains. In the future management and protection for the trees in the study area, more attention should be paid to the growth of the trees on the north slope of the western Qinling, and the trees in the middle Qinling do not require excessive manual intervention.