Urban forest has practical significance in absorbing air pollutants and improving urban ecological environment. Taking six common greening tree species in Daqing City as the research object, the retention law of different plants on different particle sizes, including total suspended particulate (TSP), large particles (PM_>10), coarse particle (PM_3-10), fine particulate (PM_1-3) and the reduction of SO₂ and NO₂ in the atmosphere were studied by water washing-filtration membrane and artificial simulated fumigation method. The results showed that the significant differences in dust retention capacity among different tree species (P<0.05). (1) The retention of TSP in descending order is Pinus tabuliformis Carr. (3.82±0.40)g/m² > Swida alba Opiz. (1.45±0.12)g/m² > Syringa oblata Lindl. (1.22±0.17)g/m² > Acer negundo Lindl. (1.21±0.13)g/m² > Populus lasiocarpa Oliv. (0.93±0.17)g/m² > Salix matsudana Koidz. (0.54±0.14)g/m². (2) Different tree species had significant differences in retention of different particles (P<0.05).The mass proportion of particles with different particle sizes retained by the tested tree species was as follows:PM_>10(62.33%-83.68%),PM_3-10(10.82%-21.41%),PM_1-3(4.05%-18.30%). (3)The dust retention of Swida alba Opiz., Syringa oblata Lindl. and Acer negundo Lindl. was positively correlated with the absorbency to SO₂ and NO₂. (4) The comprehensive dust retention ability and absorbency to SO₂ and NO₂ of Swida alba Opiz., Syringa oblata Lindl. and Populus lasiocarpa Oliv. were stronger. Therefore, Swida alba Opiz., Syringa oblata Lindl. and Populus lasiocarpa Oliv. can be preferred for urban greening. In the planning of landscape plants, the tree species should be given priority to those with shrubs and herbs, and make full use of three-dimensional space to maximize the dust retention effect. At the same time, evergreen tree species suitable for northern growth should also be introduced or cultivated to strengthen the retention effect of atmospheric particles in winter.