Long-term urban ecosystem observation is the basis for urban ecological safety evaluation and habitat health management policy formulation. In order to ensure the accuracy and scientificity of urban ecological observation data, this research first established an urban ecological observation quality control system based on the theory of " Human-Machine-Material-Method-Environment " by identifying the concept of urban ecological observation quality control, and discussed the compilation technology of urban ecological observation quality control specification by combining the current situation of preparation and implementation of urban ecological observation quality control specification. The results show that: (1) Quality control of urban ecological observation are the quality control activities and measures implemented for the content of urban ecological observation (elements, spatial patterns, functions, and services), to ensure the quality requirements of the whole process of ecological observation and improve the accuracy of ecological observation results. (2) The quality control system of urban ecological observation can be defined in two dimensions: object and process. The object dimension includes five aspects: "human"-personnel, "machine"-instruments and equipment, "material"-data, "method"- policy documents and "environment"- observation process; The process dimension covers the entire process of urban ecological observation, including the quality control measures in the pre-preparation work of urban ecological observation, data entry, review and evaluation during the observation process and after the observation. The quality control of the observation process is the main body of the quality control system. Different quality control measures should be developed according to different observation methods (sampling observation, positioning observation, socio-economic survey, and remote sensing observation) to achieve total quality management. (3) A total of 102 technical standards related to ecological observation have been published in China, only 38 of which clearly put forward specific requirements for quality control. Compared with local standards, ecological observations in national standards and industry standards involve more quality control content, and the quality control system is more complete. In 2005, the Marine Standard took the lead in issuing relevant standards for the content of ecological observation, and there is still a lack of standards for the quality control of ecological observations in urban ecosystems. (4) The compilation of "Criterion on Quality Control of Urban Ecological Observation" needs to contain two technical contents of quality system and quality control measures, mainly including three chapters, namely, the introduction, the main text, and the appendix, which provide for the quality assurance and quality control technologies for the whole process of ecological observation.