Evaluating the quality of the town's eco-environmental quality and analyzing the influencing factors of the spatial differentiation, and exploring the town's development and the mechanism of its impact on the environment are of great significance to the realization of the ecological civilization construction goal of rural revitalization. This work is not only helpful for the relevant departments to make targeted policy adjustments, but also can realize the coordinated development of rural production, life and ecological environment. Taking the towns of Jizhou District in Tianjin as the evaluation units, we evaluated their eco-environmental quality from 2000 to 2020 by using the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI). Then, by combining remote sensing data, statistical data and social survey data, we choose four types of nine impact factors to analyze the influencing factors of the spatial differentiation of eco-environmental quality of towns in Jizhou District in 2020 through the Geodetector. The results show that the overall ecological environment quality in the towns of Jizhou District has improved from 2000 to 2020. The areas with poor and very poor eco-environmental quality have significantly reduced, and the areas with good eco-environment quality have increased. According to the changing trend of the eco-environmental quality, the assessment units can be classified into three types which are rising continuously type, rising with fluctuation type and falling with fluctuation type. Except Limingzhuang Town, the eco-environmental quality of other assessment units is developing in a good direction. In the single factor detection, the explanatory power of the terrain factors is higher than social factors and economic factors, which means the spatial distribution of eco-environmental quality of towns in Jizhou District is more affected by altitude than socio-economic factors, In the interactive detection, the results show that the interactive explanatory power of any two impact factors is higher than that of a single impact factor, and the interactive explanatory power of the dryness index and the greenness index is the highest. The results show that the land use change and urban construction are the key influencing factors of the eco-environmental quality of towns. According to the above analysis results, Jizhou District should pay more attention to the balance of agricultural land (including other ecological land) and construction land in the process of urbanization in the future ecological environment protection and planning. Another point concerned is scientifically planning the spatial pattern of township development. These two ways can coordinate the development of township production, life and ecology.