The importance of ecological conservation is a comprehensive index that characterizes the structure and function of regional ecosystem.Determining the scope of an important ecological space is the basis for coordinating conservation and development, and ensuring sustainable supply of ecosystem services. Based on the analysis of natural environmental characteristics and the key ecological problems in Fujian Province, an evaluation index system of ecological conservation importance is constructed by comprehensively considering ecosystem service and ecological sensitivity in this study. Thus, the importance of ecological conservation can be assessed. The research can provide effective information for ecological protection and demarcation of ecological red line as well as ecological functional regions. The results show that the extremely important area of ecological conservation in Fujian Province accounts for 38.94% of the total study area. The ecological pattern is basically distributed along the Great Mountain range in western as well as central Fujian and coastal zone. Moreover, the area of extremely important ecological service functions is 39,600 km², mainly for biodiversity maintaining functions and water conservation functions. The area of extremely sensitive region makes up 9.71% of the total land area in Fujian Province where soil erosion is the main ecological problem accounting 8.93% of total area. In addition, the extremely sensitive areas of land desertification and costal erosion are concentrated near the coastal zone. The evaluation methods of the paper are expected to provide a theoretical basis to carry out ecological protection and achieve sustainable development in Fujian Province. The results suggest that the extremely important areas act as the basis for delineation of ecological protection red line and major functional ecological zones which should be protected strictly to maintain ecological security.