Allee effect, the positive association between individual fitness and population size or density, has attracted more attentions from ecologists because of its closely relationship with plant population dynamics and population extinction. By explaining Allee effect of plant population under multiple stresses, developing systematic ecological restoration measures based on the biodiversity protection and ecosystem stability has become the focus of relevant research. This study systematically summarized the research results of different driving mechanisms of Allee effect in plant population in coastal wetlands based on genetic process, pollen dispersal process and plant-pollinator interaction. On the one hand, Allee effect was driven by reproductive failure due to genetic structure changes, such as inbreeding depression, genetic variation loss, and harmful mutations accumulation in the genetic process. On the other hand, Allee effect was caused by changes in plant population fecundity due to pollen limitation, which was affected by pollen dispersal process and plant-pollinator interaction. In the context of water and salt gradient variation and pattern fragmentation in coastal wetlands, it is conspicuous for the risk of Allee effect on plant population. It is important for alleviating Allee effect of plant population in coastal wetlands through providing suitable habitat, ensuring biological connectivity, and constructing population patches. Combination of physiological and chemical ecological research methods as well as long-term dynamic monitoring will help to further explain the nonlinear driving mechanism of Allee effect under multiple environmental and biological stresses.