Biodiversity loss and variation in species responses to climate change have been found across broad taxonomic groups. Exploring the spatial distribution of varying species and their relationship with the environment provides important scientific basis for understanding and protecting biodiversity. Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao region, located in the hilly areas of southern China, is rich in Rhododendron resources. However, previous studies only focus on the growth characteristics, seedling introduction, garden application, and community characteristics of Rhododendron in this region, very few studies have focused on the distribution and conservation of Rhododendron, due to the bias that high temperature and low altitudes are not suitable as habitats for Rhododendron growing. Nevertheless it worth noting that Rhododendron species growing at the low-altitude region are highly vulnerable to climate change and are at an elevated risk of extinction. By using 229 species records, 6 bioclimate variables, and the maximum entropy model (Maxent), we analyzed the change of suitable areas and dominant climatic factors for distribution of 14 Rhododendron species under three (low, medium and high) Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5) at the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao region in 2070s. And we employed SDMtoolbox to simulate the shift direction and trajectory of the suitable areas under different climate change scenarios compared to the current pattern. By adding a "distance" field to the attribute table and using the field calculator geometry tool to calculate the distance that the centroid of the suitable areas migrate. The results showed that most of the Rhododendron suitable areas are centrally distributed in the northern part of Guangdong Province under the current climate scenario. Rhododendron would shift to the higher latitude and altitude areas in the future. As the emission concentration increases, more species would migrate to north, whereas there are still very few species would migrate south. The dominate climatic factors for Rhododendron distribution were the minimum temperature of coldest month, temperature seasonality, and the precipitation of driest month. The results indicate that protecting Rhododendron should be strengthened, especially in winter, and more attention should be paid to the construction of protected areas for Rhododendron in northern Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao region. This study also provides some inspiration for the protection and management of other shade-loving and humidity-loving species in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao region. This study deepens the understanding of the impact of climate change on the distribution pattern of species and provides a scientific guidance for the conservation of Rhododendron and biodiversity in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao region.