Variations of drought have obviously spatial differentiation, and different vegetation types have different responses to drought. However, few studies have been conducted to distinguish the contribution of temperature increase to the variations of drought and to investigate the differences in the responses of different vegetation types to warming aridification on a large scale. Analyzing differences in the response of different vegetation cover types to drought under climate change and clarifying the impact of warming aridification on vegetation in China are of great importance for understanding the development dynamics of vegetation and predicting future patterns. In this study, based on climatic data from the University of East Anglia Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Time-series (TS) version 4.04 dataset, the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) were calculated in 1982-2017. Using Theil-Sen median trend analysis and the Mann-Kendall test, we analyzed trends in gross primary production (GPP) and drought in the eight vegetation regions of China. By comparing the trend differences between SPI and SPEI, typical warming aridification areas were identified under three scenarios ([SPI not significantly drier+SPEI significantly drier],[SPI wetter+ SPEI not significantly drier], and[SPI wetter+SPEI significantly drier]). Finally, after detrending GPP and temperature, the correlation analysis and multiple regression were used to investigate how temperature increase affected the response of GPP to drought and further discuss the differences in sensitivity of different vegetation regions to drought. The results showed that all eight vegetation regions showed a drying trend over past 36 years, except for Qinghai-Tibet plateau high cold vegetation region, which was getting wet. The GPP of each vegetation region mainly increased, among which the Qinghai-Tibet plateau high cold vegetation region showed the most significant increase in GPP, which might be related to the warming and wetting trend in this region. The temperature increase had the strongest exacerbating effect on drying in temperate desert region and temperate steppe region, and the weakest exacerbating effect on drying in temperate needleleaf and broadleaf forest region and cold temperate needleleaf forest region, while it significantly increased the sensitivity of GPP to drought in the latter. There was variability in the response of GPP to temperature and drought conditions in different vegetation regions:the GPP of the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest region and the tropical monsoon forest and rain forest region was comparably affected by both temperature and drought, the GPP of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau high cold vegetation region and temperate needleleaf and broadleaf forest region was dominantly affected by temperature, and the GPP in all other vegetation regions was mainly affected by drought.