The sample method was employed to investigate the communities with different resource positions. The soil resource axes (soil organic matter, soil water-soluble calcium, soil available nitrogen, soil total nitrogen, soil pH value, and soil depth) which have significant influence on the distribution of dominant species in arbor layer of evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in karst hills of Guilin were selected by Redundancy analysis (RDA) with Monte Carlo random replacement test. Niche characteristics of 14 dominant species which in the arbor layer of evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in karst hills of Guilin along soil organic matter, soil water-soluble calcium, soil available nitrogen, soil total nitrogen, soil pH value and soil depth were analyzed by Levins niche breadth index and Pianka niche overlap index. The results showed that:(1) on the soil organic matter and soil water-soluble calcium resource axis, the maximum niche width was evergreen species, which were Loropetalum chinense (0.89, 0.94); on the soil pH value resource axis, the maximum niche width was the evergreen species Mallotus philippensis (0.96); on the soil available nitrogen, soil total nitrogen and soil depth resource axis, the maximum niche width was deciduous species, which were Choerospondias axillaris (0.87, 0.99, 0.97). (2) The 14 dominant species composed 91 species pairs on 6 soil resource axes, and their niche overlap averages in descending order were as follows:soil depth > soil total nitrogen > soil water-soluble calcium > soil available nitrogen > soil pH value > soil organic matter. And the six soil resource axes were all showed as the mean niche overlap of species pair between evergreen dominant species and evergreen dominant species (0.84) > evergreen dominant species and deciduous dominant species (0.74) > deciduous dominant species and deciduous dominant species (0.66). This showed that the 14 dominant species have the most intense competition on the soil depth resource axis, followed by soil total nitrogen resource axis, and soil organic matter resource was axis relatively small. Furthermore, the competition between evergreen species was the most intense, followed by competition between evergreen and deciduous species, and between deciduous species competition was relatively small. (3) Based on the six soil resource axes, there were 480 species pairs with niche overlap value ≥ 0.5, accounting for 87.91% of the number of total species pairs. It implies that the dominant species in the arbor layer of the evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in the karst hills in Guilin have fierce competition in the special habitats with scarce resources and high resource heterogeneity, and the interspecific relationship of arbor layer is relatively unstable.