In the rhizosphere, specific soil microbes can sense root exudates by their unique chemotaxis systems and respond to the selective recruitment of plants. The bacterial chemotaxis systems mediate the plant-microbe and microbe-microbe interactions, playing a critical role in the recruitment and establishment of rhizosphere microbiome. This review focused on research of bacterial chemotaxis systems in rhizosphere microbiome and prospected the future research direction. The review aims to elucidate the ecological functions of the bacterial chemotaxis systems, contribute to the understanding of recruitment and establishment of rhizosphere microbiome, and provide theoretical basis for recombination and reconstruction of rhizosphere microbiome in the future.