As the main climate unit in Northern Xinjiang, the environmental change of Junggar basin will affect the overall ecological environment change of Northern Xinjiang. Vegetation, as an important indicator of regional ecological environment, which directly reflects the ecological situation of Junggar basin. In recent years, under the influence of global climate change, the climate pattern of Junggar basin has changed. Compared with previous years, the precipitation and temperature in the basin have increased significantly. This change affects the vegetation change in the basin, and also induces soil salinization in some areas. Soil salinization is a common factor leading to vegetation degradation in Northwest China, which is related to terrain and climate factors. In order to explore the relationship between vegetation change and soil salinization in Junggar basin, this study was based on MOD09A1 remote sensing image data during the growing season from 2002 to 2019, this study analyzed the variation trend of plant cover and soil salinization in Junggar Basin and the correlation between them by using of the methods of maximum value composite, Mann-Kendall trend analysis, Hurst trend analysis and correlation analysis. The results showed that in the last 20 years, the plant cover in Junggar Basin was increasing in the growing season due to the influence of the regional precipitation and climate warming. The proportion of the increased area in each season was 63.50%-90.93%, with an average of 77.98%. Soil salinization, however, showed a decreasing trend, with a decreased area of 46.50%-86.78% in each season and the average value was 70.68%. In the low-lying area with poor drainage, the degree of soil salinization increased, the vegetation declined due to salt stress, the decrease of vegetation and the huge ratio of evaporation and precipitation made the soil further dry and the humidity decreased. The correlation analysis indicated that the proportion of areas with significantly negative correlation between vegetation and soil salinization in each season were 37.36%-57.83%, with an average of 51.75%. And the results of Hurst trend prediction suggested that the future prediction direction of areas with significant change in aspects above are the same as the current change trend, while one with a general change is opposite to the current change direction in future direction. This study devoted to obtain the information of the ecological environment changes in Junggar Basin in recent years under the global climate change background, in order to provide references for the sustainable development of regional ecological environment.