Lianas are an important part of biodiversity. Lianas have an impact on the structure and function of many forest communities by influencing on woods. However, little is known about the relationship between lianas and supporting woods in the biodiversity-rich northern tropical karst forest. For this reason, this study is mainly devoted to investigating the density and distribution pattern of lianas and their relationship with main tree species in Litsea dilleniifolia community, which is one of the unique types of karst seasonal rain forest in Nonggang, Guangxi; and the effect of lianas on the death of trees in the community was analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) the average density of woody vines in the plot was 0.0913/m², and the woody vines showed an aggregated distribution pattern on the scale of 20 m, and the aggregation intensity decreased gradually with the increase of spatial scale, the distribution patterns of woody vines of different diameter at breast height (DBH) size-class structure were different at different spatial scales. (2) The selection of supporting woods of different DBH size-class structure, different types and different aggregation strengths of woody vines showed the following signs: with the increase of supporting wood of DBH structure, the climbing proportion of lianas and the number of vines per tree tended to increase, trees of larger diameter class were more likely to be attached to woody vines and held more woody vines, and the DBH of lianas was significantly positively correlated with that of supporting wood. The supporting tree species with a higher rattan rate were the species of Bignoniaceae and Deutzianthus tonkinensis. The Ardisia thyrsiflora had a large number of single wood attached lianas; the aggregation intensity of species was negatively correlated with the rate and number of vines. (3) The relationship between the density of woody vines and the mortality of supporting wood was not significant, and the correlation between the number of vines and the mortality of trees was not significant, but there was a very significantly negative correlation between the attachment rate of species and the mortality. The results showed that the liana density was not high in the primary karst seasonal rain forest, and the liana was selective to the supporting wood, but it had no significant effect on the mortality of Litsea dilleniifolia community. This study can provide a theoretical basis for species coexistence and minimal plant population conservation in karst primary seasonal rain forest, and can also provide a scientific reference for vegetation restoration in rocky desertification areas.