For the Weizhou Island, which is geographically independent, the human-induced influence is more significant to the rapid degradation of its coral reef ecosystems. the identification of dominant influencing factors on different temporal scales remains a challenge for the local aquatic environment. It is, therefore, essential to explore the ecological status of the coral reefs and the potential threats in Weizhou Island. The primary aim of this study is to explore the dominant influencing factors for the degradation of the scleractinian coral community in Weizhou Island within the 10 years of 2009-2019. To this end, the species composition, diversity, Raunkiaer frequency and Spearman correlation of the community were analyzed. The correlations between the community composition and environmental variations of water were further discussed. The identification of the dominant factors was performed through analyzing the ecological changes of scleractinian coral community in Weizhou Island over 10 years. Results demonstrated that, the coverage of scleractinian coral in the study area significantly decreased, with the changes of the coral reef in morphology, e.g., block. It was noted that, the diversity of the scleractinian coral community was relatively high, but scarred distribution in space of the coral community was observed. Furthermore, the ecological structure was unstable due to the intense competition among some dominant species. It was believed that the high loads of suspended sediments were the most important factor to affect the ecological characteristics of the scleractiniane coral community in Weizhou Island. The spatial distribution of the dominant species was highly related to the water depths, whilst the sediment coverages and nutrient sources significantly affected the diversity of coral populations. Further, relatively strong competition between local large algae and the dominant species of coral reefs was observed. We also observed that the environmental factors, nutrients and sediments, were closely correlated with the aquaculture, human sewage, coastal engineering, coastal erosion, etc.