Understanding clearly the ecological status and problems of three types of region space through the ecological survey and evaluation is a necessary prerequisite for regional land and space ecological restoration and spatial pattern optimization. Taking the counties and cities in the Rao River basin as an example, this study constructed a comprehensive evaluation system for the ecological quality of territorial space. Based on the multi-objective comprehensive evaluation method, this study conducted a comprehensive evaluation and zoning of the ecological quality of territorial space in the study area, and explored the spatial differentiation characteristics of each zone. The results showed that:(1) The overall ecological quality level of the study area was good, and the area above the middle level accounted for 70.6%. (2) Level I and Level Ⅱ were mainly distributed in the northeast of the study area, and the ecological environment, ecological benefits and social economy in these areas were in a coordinated development trend. (3) The ecological quality of the territorial space was characterized by strongly spatial correlation and aggregation, and the area of cold spots and hot spots was basically equal. (4) Combined with the results of the comprehensive evaluation and obstacle degree diagnosis, it was recommended to adjust the social and economic structure, promote the healthy transformation of industry, improve the urban residential environment, and improve the overall level of ecological benefits based on the natural advantages of the study area. This study can provide scientific basis and reference value for land space planning, ecological restoration, ecological-economic-social sustainable development of the study area.