Soil nematode is a sensitive soil organism. In order to understand the effects of heavy metals on the alpine meadow soil nematode community in the Tibet Plateau, this study based on the differences in heavy metals content from highway sources in the Bangjietang grassland used the high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the influence of heavy metals on the diversity and community structure of the alpine meadow soil nematode community. In August 2019, we collected soil samples at 0, 5, 15, 30, 50 and 75 m away from the highway in Bangjietang grassland. Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and the community composition and structure of soil nematode were determined by high-throughput sequencing technology. The influence of heavy metals on soil nematode community was discussed by redundancy analysis. The results showed that the Shannon index, Ace index and Chao index of the soil nematode community in the samples with lower heavy metal content were smaller than the samples with higher heavy metal content (P<0.05). The increase of heavy metal content changed the community structure of soil nematode in alpine meadow, and the dominant soil nematode communities of Chromadorea and Rhabdtida under the natural conditions were transformed into the dominant soil nematoda communities of unclassified_p_Nematoda and unclassified_p_Nematoda. Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd were positively correlated with Nematoda and Enoplea, but negatively correlated with Chromadorea. The proportion of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd to the variation explanation of Chao index decreased successively. The study shows that soil heavy metal content has a great influence on the diversity and structure of soil nematode community in alpine meadow of the Tibet Plateau, but it is still necessary to conduct a systematic investigation of soil nematode in alpine meadow and enrich the database of biological information of soil nematode.