Plant invasions cause damage to both function and stability of invaded ecosystems. Compared with plants from the native origin, the invasive origin plants are different in physiological characteristics, which make them stronger in competitive ability in resource utilization and environmental stress resistance. The chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics are closely related to photosynthetic efficiency and play important roles in plant growth and expansion. Additionally, increased nitrogen deposition is an important factor of global change, while soil microorganisms are crucial for plants to absorb and utilize soil nutrients. By application of soil microbial inhibitors to control the activities of bacterial communities (by streptomycin) or fungi communities (by iprodione), study on invasive plant Triadica sebifera was carried out using pot experiment to understand how different microbial communities affect the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of T. sebifera from both the native and invasive origins under the background of simulated nitrogen deposition. The study will be helpful in understanding the evolutionary characteristics and invasion mechanism of invasive plants, and provide a theoretical basis for effectively preventing and controlling invasive plants, reducing their damage to the invaded ecosystems. The study was performed using a nested design, Triadica sebifera was used as the research object with two origins, including native and invasive origins. Under the condition of nitrogen deposition, the difference in the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the two origins of T. sebifera were investigated by regulating soil bacteria and fungus. Results showed that, nitrogen deposition significantly increased the relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (F_v/F_m), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), half-satiety and light intensity (I_K) of T. sebifera. The invasive origin of T. sebifera had lower SPAD than the native origin. The combination of nitrogen deposition and bacterial inhibitor significantly enhanced F_v/F_m, NPQ and I_K, and significantly reduced light energy utilization (α) and the SPAD. The bacterial inhibitors decreased the native T. sebifera α. Fungi inhibitors promoted I_K of the native T. sebifera and inhibited I_k of the invasive T. sebifera. Nitrogen deposition, biological inhibitor and T. sebifera origin can act together on the PSII actual photosynthetic quantum yield Y(Ⅱ), α and potential maximum relative electron transfer rate (ETR_max). Therefore, nitrogen deposition and fungi inhibitors had a synergistic effect on the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of T. sebifera. The invasive origin of T. sebifera had no obvious response to the control of soil microorganisms, so it still had a strong adaptability under the control of microorganisms, and thereby had strong invasion ability.