In order to explore the effects of Pyrenes, one kind of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, on vegetables, eleven kinds of Chinese cabbages, which are common varieties in North China, were cultured with the treatments of different concentrations of pyrene through pot experiments. We analyzed the physiological characteristics based on three indicators, including biomass, malondialdehyde, and chlorophyll. The results showed that different treatments of pyrene concentrations had significant effects on the physiological characteristics of various species of Chinese cabbage. There were two results of the pyrenes on biomass of Chinese cabbage: one was that biomass gradually decreased with the increase of pyrene concentrations; the other was that biomass increased with the treatment of low and medium concentration stress (5, 15, 45 mg/kg), and decreased with the treatment of high concentration (135, 405 mg/kg). The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in Chinese cabbage showed rather different with the treatments of pyrene concentration: (1) no significant difference among the different treatments; (2) gradually increase of MDA with the treatment of increase concentrations of pyrene; and (3) significantly lower than the control group. As to the content of chlorophyll in the Chinese cabbage, there were two different results with the treatment of pyrene, such as rising with the treatment of low and medium concentration of pyrene, then decreasing under high concentration, and gradually increase of chlorophyll with the increase of the concentration of pyrene. The species of Chinese cabbages, such as JCB and ZB-50, were observed to have the characteristics of well tolerance to the stress of pyrene, based on no significant changes of the above physiological indicators. The species of JC-60 and JCL were more sensitive with the treatment of medium concentration of pyrene, while species of JQ-65 and JH-308 showed more sensitive at high concentrations of pyrene. These could be indicative vegetable for the contaminated soil with low, medium, or high concentrations of pyrene.