The synergistic variation and trade-off relationship between leaf morphology and functional traits of vein network is of great significance for understanding the ecological adaptation of functional traits of vein network to environmental variation and predicting the response of plant species' habits to urbanization. As a precious evergreen broad-leaved tree species, Phoebe bournei is being gradually popularized in urban greening. In this study, we studied the response of leaf morphology and vein network functional trait relationship to different urban growth environments of Phoebe bournei (road and botanical garden mixed forest). The results showed that the values of leaf traits basically met the normal distribution, and the variation coefficients of each trait mostly kept between 10%-20%, and the variation of characters within the population was relatively rich. One-way analysis of variance showed that the influence of two environments on leaf morphological traits was more obvious than that of the vein network system. The leaf morphological traits were significantly correlated with the functional traits of vein network under the two growth environments. The typicality correlation coefficients were 0.804 and 0.795, respectively. The leaf morphological traits were positively correlated with vein diameter, and the morphological traits, vein diameter and primary vein density were negatively correlated. Phoebe bournei in response to the process of urban growth environment presents corresponding economic balance mechanism. In the road environment, the larger primary vein density and smaller leaf area were used to ensure the balance between water acquisition and photosynthesis, while in the botanical garden, the lower primary vein density, higher leaf area and vein diameter were used as the leaf morphology and vein network construction model. In order to improve the survival rate and adaptability in urban environment, the synergistic change and trade-off relationship between leaf morphological traits and vein network functional traits can be used as the selection basis when selecting Phoebe bournei as urban greening tree species.