Birds are an important part of the earth's biodiversity and play an important role in ecosystem functions and services. At the same time, birds are sensitive to changes in the ecological environment and are easy to observe. They are important indicator species for ecological environment changes. In order to explore the changes of bird diversity in various habitats and inter-annual, the Huanghuai Plain was used as a research area, and 20 samples were set in rivers, lakes, farmland and village habitats. In the breeding season from 2016 to 2019, the diversity of birds was investigated by the transect method during the breeding season. The survey results showed that: (1) a total of 22,922 individuals were found, belonging to 14 orders, 38 families, and 53 genera. From the perspective of fauna distribution, each habitat was dominated by Cosmopolitan species, followed by Oriental realm species, and the lowest number of Palearctic realm species. From the perspective of ecological groups, songbirds had an absolute advantage; from the perspective of residence type, the resident birds was the main group in the study area; and the proportion of traveling birds and winter migrant birds was the lowest. (2) In terms of feeding composition, from the perspective of species richness, there were 57 species of insectivorous birds, accounting for about 77% of the total species, and herbivorous and omnivorous birds each accounted for about 10%. In terms of the number of individuals, omnivorous birds accounted for more than 52%, insectivorous birds also exceeded 40%, and herbivorous birds were the least. (3) The highest value of species richness, diversity and evenness index appeared in lakes or river habitats in all years and in general, indicating that the presence of waters has a positive impact on increasing species diversity. (4) Similarity analysis of bird communities was carried out on bird communities in different habitats, and each habitat was medium similar. The fluctuation range of bird species richness has been increasing year by year in farmland and villages. (5) The additive partition analysis of species diversity showed that on the habitat scale, local alpha diversity was the most important component of biodiversity, and from the perspective of the entire study area, the differences between habitats were more important. The reasons for the temporal and spatial differences in bird diversity are complex and diverse, and the increase in habitat heterogeneity and the presence of water areas have a positive effect on improving bird diversity. The proportion of the water area in the habitat should be increased, and the quality of the water should be improved. More than 77% of the species and 40% of the individuals in the survey are insectivorous birds, and full attention should be paid to the pest control services provided by birds for the regional agricultural landscape. The bird community consumes more insects and even small vertebrate, invertebrates, etc. during the breeding season,and the pest control services provided by insectivorous birds are essential for sustainable agricultural production and food security. This study can provide some theoretical support and reasonable suggestions for the improvement of regional bird diversity and stable supply of ecosystem services. The conclusions drawn can provide a theoretical basis and scientific basis for the conservation of regional bird diversity and the improvement of ecosystem services provided by birds.