Study of methane related microorganisms and substrates in soil pore water of peat swamp in permafrost regions is helpful to understand the methane cycle process of wetland ecosystem in cold regions under the background of climate change. In this study, the open top chamber (OTC) experiments were set up in two typical vegetation communities of Betula fruticosa-sphagnum and Ledum palustre-sphagnum peat swamp in continuous permafrost region of Daxing'anling. The abundances of methanogens, methane oxidizing bacteria and the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soil pore water inside and outside the OTC were compared and analyzed. The relationship between methane-related microorganisms and DOC in soil pore water was also explored. The results showed that warming increased the abundances of methanogens and the content of DOC in soil pore water in this region during the growing season, while the effect on the abundances of methane oxidizing bacteria varied with month. The average increase of the abundances of methanogens in soil pore water of Betula fruticosa-sphagnum and Ledum palustre-sphagnum peat swamp was 54.52% and 44.97%, and the average increase of DOC content was 34.16% and 28.33%, respectively. Warming reduced the average abundances of methane oxidizing bacteria in soil pore water of growing season of Betula fruticosa-sphagnum and Ledum palustre-sphagnum peat swamp by 46.20% and 31.42%, respectively. The results of one-variable linear regression analysis showed that the DOC content in soil pore water could explain 29.00% and 24.10% of the changes of methanogens in the Betula fruticosa-sphagnum and Ledum palustre-sphagnum peat swamp (P<0.01). However, there was no significant effect on the abundances of methane oxidizing bacteria in soil pore water under two vegetation communities (P>0.05).