In this study, the shift track of the gravity of drought area was analyzed based on 16 climate index' the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and the standardized precipitation evaporation (SPEI) from the 149 meteorological stations from 1962 to 2016 in the Huai River Basin. While the correlation coefficient between meteorological drought and climate index was calculated by the Wavelet analysis and Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function method in Huai River Basin with the aim of revealing drought conditions across the Huai River Basin in the anomalous largescale atmospheric circulation. The results of this study indicated that: (1) the spatial distribution of the gravity of drought area mainly showed decreased from the center of Huai River Basin to the surrounding area. Moreover, SPEI showed a decreasing trend in in most parts of the Huai River Baisn. The gravity of drought area shifted from northwest to central, southwest and central in 2003 and the gravity of drought area shifted to the center with the increasing of drought area. (2) There is a significant positive correlation between SPEI and Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Oceanic Nino Index, Nino4, Nino3.4, Multivariable Enso Index, Bivariate Enso Timeseries, while There is a significant negative correlation between SPEI and Southern Oscillation Index, Traffic Nino Index. (3) The drought was mainly concentrated in the 1970s, 1990s and 2000s with a significant period of 2-5a, and the climate index had a significant period of 3.4-4.5a. (4) The water vapor from the Indian Ocean and the bay of Bengal is meet the high latitude cold air, leading to the moisture in the south and the dryness in the north in spring. The weakly Mongolian cyclone and the abnormal wind in the norther has led to the dry in the eastern and wet in the western in summer in the Huai River Basin. The continental high pressure dominated in autumn, the north wind and south wind influenced each other, which is caused the dry in the eastern and wet in the western. The eastern of basin show wet and western of basin show dry, which is caused by the prevailing downdraft and the prevailing southeast in winter.