Ecoenzymatic stoichiometry has been widely employed to evaluate the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) requirements of soil microbes. Although the impacts of litter amount alteration on soil nutrient in forest ecosystem have been extensively reported, the elucidation of soil ecoenzymatic stoichiometry related to soil nutrient remains limited. In this study, a field litter manipulation experiment was established in a Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation in subtropical China using a randomized block method with three treatments as follows: litter addition (LA), litter removal (LR) and control (CK). The variations in soil hydrolytic enzyme activity (β-glucosidase enzyme (BG), cellulase (CB), β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and acid phosphatase (AP)) and soil properties among the three treatments were investigated and the response pattern of soil nutrient to LA and LR treatments was revealed. The results showed that LR reduced all soil enzyme activities in this study, soil moisture content (SMC), soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorous (TP), and mineral nitrogen, while LA had positive effects on the above variables. This result indicated that the variations of the five soil enzymes after litter manipulation were mainly affected by the alteration in soil moisture and nutrient. Moreover, the values of ln(BG+CB):ln(AP) and ln(NAG+LAP):In(AP) of LR and CK were lower than the corresponding values (ln(BG+CB):ln(AP)(0.62) and ln(NAG+LAP):ln(AP)(0.44)) at global scale respectively, which implied that subtropical Chinese fir plantations were limited by phosphorus (P). Additionally, the values of ln(BG+CB):ln(AP) and ln(NAG+LAP):ln(AP) of LA were higher than the corresponding values at global scale, which indicates that P could be the vital factors in driving soil stoichiometric connection with hydrolytic enzyme activities and the limitation of P was alleviated in LA. And the SMC, SOC and mineral nitrogen content were positively correlated with soil enzymatic activity and ecoenzymatic stoichiometry. Our results suggest that the ecoenzymatic stoichiometry can be used as an important indicator to characterize the current soil nutrient availability. This study can provide scientific basis for soil nutrient management and sustainable management of Chinese fir plantations in subtropical China.