The coupling coordination research between urbanization and eco-environment is becoming more popular at the international level. Based on the data of 2000-2016, the article constructed measurement index system of urbanization and eco-environment, analyzed the spatio-temporal differentiation of the coupling coordination relationships between urbanization and eco-environment in Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration by the coupling coordination degree model. The results showed that the urbanization level had been raising persistently from 2000 to 2016, the spatial urbanization was better than population urbanization, population urbanization was better than economic urbanization, and the social urbanization was relatively weak. The eco-environment level went on improving in fluctuation volatility which ecological pressure subsystem curve declined while ecological state subsystem and ecological protect subsystem kept going up. The coupling coordination degree between urbanization and eco-environment in Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration had a significantly upward trend. It achieved the change from the extremely unbalanced to well coordination which was experienced seriously unbalanced, preliminary unbalanced, preliminary coordination, moderate coordination, and well coordination. The coupling coordination characteristic of subsystems evolved from seriously unbalanced development with urbanization lagged to well coordination development with eco-environment lagged. The middle urbanization area was the dominant type in 17 cities and the spatial pattern of the high urbanization area remained double cores of Qingdao, Jinan and Dongying in northern area. The spatial pattern of slightly low urbanization area declined significantly, and low urbanization area was virtually non-existent. The superior eco-environment area was located in Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai, Rizhao of eastern coastal area and Taian of middle area. The middle eco-environment area was spread from Jiaoji axis to the south and north area, but slightly low eco-environment area was located in Heze, Liaocheng, Binzhou. No areas exhibited inferior eco-environment. The regional difference of the coupling coordination levels between urbanization and eco-environment was significant and city coupling coordination degree had been increasing constantly from 2000 to 2016, while it showed the reducing trend of spatial distribution from eastern coastal area, Jinan metropolis circle to south-west areas. The subsystem coupling coordination development gradually changed from urbanization lagged to synchronization and eco-environment lagged. Gathering influence in the developed cities was clear while the problem of the urbanization and the eco-environment in backward area became very serious.