Group living is a ubiquitous phenomenon among animals (e.g., insect swarms, fish shoals, bird flocks, and mammal herds), and their collective behaviors offer us with some of nature's great spectacles, which are closely related to metabolic phenotype of animals and ecological context. Group living confers a number of benefits and costs to individuals of the animal group. In order to examine the effects of ecological context and metabolic phenotype on collective behavior of the Cyprinidae fish, this study employed qingbo (Spinibarbus sinensis) with similar body mass and healthy condition as experimental fish at 26.1±0.1 ℃. Our study included five batches with each containing 40 individuals and a total of 200 individuals. Each fish group included four kinds of metabolic phenotypes (High standard metabolic rate (SMR)/High aerobic scope (AS), High SMR/High AS; High standard metabolic rate/Low aerobic scope, High SMR/Low AS; Low standard metabolic rate/High aerobic scope, Low SMR/High AS; and Low standard metabolic rate/Low aerobic scope, Low SMR/Low AS) with each metabolic phenotype containing one fish individual. The results show that no significant effects of ecological context and metabolic phenotype on individual spatial position within shoals and its coefficient of variation of the collective behavior were found under the static water condition. The swimming velocity and total movement distance at the individual and group-level were both higher in the food and refuge context than those in both the open water and foraging context. The synchronization of individual swimming speed of all metabolic phenotypes was lower in the food and refuge context than in both the open water and foraging context. The coefficient of variation of spatial position within shoal was lower in the Low SMR/Low AS phenotype than in other three metabolic phenotypes. The nearest neighbor distance of both the Low SMR/High AS and Low SMR/Low AS phenotype was significantly higher than that of High SMR/High AS phenotype. Additionally, the distance between the experimental fish and the group center was larger in the High SMR/High AS phenotype than in both the Low SMR/High AS and Low SMR/Low AS phenotypes. No difference in the nearest neighbor distance could be found among the four metabolic phenotypes across different ecological contexts. The present study suggests that ecological context and metabolic phenotype had no influence on the individual spatial position within shoal in juvenile qingbo, but the nearest neighbor distance of the juvenile qingbo was different between metabolic phenotypes, indicating that mutual attraction between individuals might be metabolic-phenotype dependent. The increment in complexity of ecological context did not influence group coordination of the qingbo.