Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is one of the main forages in South China. It has certain accumulation abilities on heavy metals (As, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, etc.) in soil. The effects of water, temperature, fertilization and their interaction on the phytoremediation of ryegrass under single and compound pollution of Cu and Pb were studied with orthogonal design methods by indoor pot experiments. The results showed that:(1) under the stress of Cu and Pb, the shoots and roots obtained the maximum biomass at 30 and 25℃ respectively with 90% water holding capacity (WHC) and enough N fertilizer application. Under Cu-Pb compound stress, the growth of the upper part of ryegrass was inhibited. (2) Based on the heavy metal concentrations and bioconcentration factor (BCF), 90% WHC was beneficial to the accumulation abilities of Cu and Pb in ryegrass. In addition, temperature and fertilization had the different optimal values both in different part of RYEGRASS and various kinds of pollution. (3) The transport coefficient (TF) exceeded 1 only at 90% WHC, 30℃ and NPK fertilizer application for Pb, while the other combinations of environmental factors could only slightly change the TF in varying degrees, which is to say, ryegrass had a poor transport capacity for Cu and Pb. 4) The results of variance analysis showed that water and temperature had a significant effect on the enrichment of Cu and Pb in ryegrass. Under the single stress of Cu and Pb, the accumulation abilities of Cu and Pb in ryegrass were also significantly affected by the interaction of the two factors. Beyond that, the accumulation abilities were also substantially influenced by the interaction of three factors including fertilization under single and compound stress of Cu and Pb. In summary, when ryegrass is used as a remediation plant to remedy soils with Cu and Pb stress, the water content can be adjusted to 90% WHC, and the enrichment effect can be optimized by improving temperature and fertilization application at the same time.