In order to get the information of the comprehensive ecological quality of vegetation in China and its spatio-temporal change, a comprehensive ecological quality index of vegetation, which can reflect both vegetation productivity and vegetation coverage was constructed. The evaluation models for the inter-annual comparison of comprehensive ecological quality of vegetation and multi-year change trend were established. Based on the constructed index and evaluation models, 2017 is used as the current year, and 2000-2017 is used as multi-year to monitor and evaluate the temporal and spatial changes of the comprehensive ecological quality index of vegetation in China. The results showed that: (1) for the most areas of China, the comprehensive ecological quality of vegetation in 2017 was higher than that of the mean annual value from 2000 to 2016, and the ecological quality was better. In 2017, Fujian, Guangxi, Hainan, Guangdong and Yunnan ranked among the top five in terms of the comprehensive ecological quality of vegetation. The constructed comprehensive ecological quality index of vegetation and inter-annual comparison model could reflect the inter-annual and spatial differences of vegetation ecological quality quantitatively in China. (2) The comprehensive ecological quality index of vegetation in 90.7% of the regions in China was on the rise from 2000 to 2017. The ecological quality index of the western part of Northeast China, the east of Inner Mongolia, most of North China, the east of Northwest region, the east of Southwest region, and the western part of South China has improved obviously. The evaluation model of ecological quality multi-year change trend of vegetation can quantitatively reflect the multi-year change trend and amplitude of vegetation ecological quality. (3) The mean annual value of the comprehensive ecological quality index of vegetation from 2000 to 2017 was above 50.0 in most areas of the southern China, and below 50.0 in most areas of the northern China, and above 20.0 in most areas of the middle and eastern China, and below 20.0 in most areas of the western China. These indicated that the annual comprehensive ecological quality of vegetation in most areas of the southern China was better than that in the north, better in most areas of the middle and eastern China than that in the west. It can be seen that the comprehensive ecological quality index of vegetation and the evaluation models of inter-annual comparison and multi-year change trend can monitor and evaluate the temporal and spatial changes of the comprehensive ecological quality of vegetation in the current year and many years in China. The results of this research can provide models and methods for getting the dynamics of the comprehensive ecological quality of vegetation in China.