This paper briefly reviewed the implementation background of ecological protection and restoration project of mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasslands. In view of the wide range of monitoring and technical difficultiesof ecological protection and restoration projects, the importance and necessity of remote sensing monitoring based on multi-source remote sensing data were emphasized. This paper summed up the main methods, applications and research progress from aspects of the monitoring index series establishment, remote sensing information extraction, multi-source remote sensing data fusion and dynamic change detection. It covered feature extraction based on sub-meter or meter-level high spatial resolution optical remote sensing data, non-linear mixed pixel analysis based on machine learning, the quantitative inversion of ecological parameters, and the spatio-temporal fusion based on mixed pixel analysis. It is proposed that the monitoring index of ecological protection and restoration of land space should be continuously optimized in combination with the actual work. The algorithm potential of remote sensing data analysis should be fully explored to improve the precision of ground feature information extraction and mixed pixel analysis. The research and exploration of space-time fusion algorithm and change detection method should be improved to strengthen the practical application of the related methods. A stable remote sensing monitoring mechanism for ecological protection and restoration of land space should be established based on the platform of ecological protection and restoration project of mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasslands. Scientific and technological innovation should be strengthened to form technical standards to guide the related work.