Desertification is one of the most serious ecological and environmental problems in the desert steppe, Inner Mongolia, and wind erosion is the main factor causing land degradation. In this paper, the Revised Wind Erosion Equation (RWEQ) was used to quantitatively evaluate the amount of sand fixation in desert steppe of Inner Mongolia in 2000 and 2017. The influencing factors of windbreak and sand fixation service in this area were analyzed based on land use, precipitation, wind speed and vegetation data. The results showed that the windbreak and sand fixation services of desert grasslands in Inner Mongolia presented obviously spatial heterogeneity, and the windbreak and sand fixation services provided by diverse land use types were different. Among them, the amount of sand fixation in high-coverage grasslands was relatively high. In general, in 2000, the amount of sand fixation was positively correlated with precipitation, wind speed, and vegetation coverage, while in 2017, the sand fixing amount was negatively correlated with precipitation and positively correlated with wind speed and vegetation coverage. The results showed that the total amount of sand fixation increased by 53.95% from 2000 to 2017, of which 9.65% originated from land use changed areas, and the area of land use change accounted for 5.6% of the total area of the study area. The land use change type in 2000-2017 was mainly consist of the restoration of forest land, the expansion of construction land and the conversion of grassland between different cove degrees. From 2000 to 2017, the distribution pattern of wind factors had a greater impact on the spatial distribution of windbreak and sand fixation services. In summary, land use change has a certain enhancement effect on the windbreak and sand fixation services of desert grasslands in Inner Mongolia, and the changes of the spatial distribution of the services are mainly affected by climate factors.